走进使者穆罕默德系列讲座|E29:先知穆罕默德ﷺ归真(死亡)|由YAQEEN INSTITUE出品

这部剧的出彩之处,还在于他将我们的空间和时间移位至1400年前的沙漠和绿洲,“身处”在先知ﷺ的那个时代背景下,并与之展开有关人生、生活、战争、礼拜等直到今天我们仍会遇到的问题。对于很多不太了解先知ﷺ或伊斯兰的人也能从这部剧中一窥当年的场景,从中获益。
先知ﷺ进入麦地那的那一天,就如同一个婴儿的诞生。它给整座城市带来了光明。它使每个人都赋予了新生。
Everything we read about, about how you should die applies most to the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
我们读到的所有有关“你终将离开这个世界(你将如何离开这个世界)”的法则,绝大程度上,也适用于先知ﷺ。
that when a person dies either they are relieved of this world, or the world is relieved from them.
当一个人死亡时,要么他们从这个世界上解脱了,要么是这个世界因为他们的离去而解脱。
When Allah talks about an evil person, #ma bakat AAalayhimu assamaowal-ard# that the heavens and the earth do not shed a tear for them
当真主谈到“不义之人”时,他说“诸天和大地都不会为他挤出一颗眼泪”
and ibn Abbas radiAllahu ta'ala Anhuma He says that for the righteous person the heavens cry when they die, because the gate of the heavens that their deeds used to ascend from is no longer open and their place of sajdah, the earth cries, the place of sajdah, of prostration, cries.
伊本·阿拔斯(愿主喜悦他俩)他说,对于义人,在其离世时诸天为之哭泣,因为他们的善行被擢升至天堂的那扇大门关掉了;他们叩头的地方——大地,他们叩头的地方,他们鞠躬的地方为之哭泣。
And you think about the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, in that regard.
然后,关于这个方面,你也想像一下先知ﷺ吧。
A person that everyone longed for when he was alive and a person that everyone would grieve when he would die, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
那个当其ﷺ在世,每个人都渴望见到他ﷺ的人;那个在其ﷺ离世时,所有人都为之悲痛的人。
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If you're in Medina at that point your entire life revolves around the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam. There is not a moment that you're not thinking about what he's doing, and if you can get his attention and if you can have his companionship. And at this point it's been that way for over a decade.
如果那时你就住在麦地那,你的生活都是围着先知ﷺ转。你(可能)没有片刻不在想他ﷺ在做什么,如果你能引起他的注意会怎么样,如果他ﷺ能常与你共处会怎么样……而你这样的想法,已经萌生了十几年了。
The day the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, came to Medina is like giving birth to a child. It brought light to the entire city. It gave new life to everyone.
先知ﷺ进入麦地那的那一天,就如同一个婴儿的诞生。它给整座城市带来了光明。它使每个人都赋予了新生。
And there's a scene, even in The Battle of Uhud, right where it was shouted out, just suggested, that Muhammad, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, was killed.
在乌候德战役中,有这么一个场景,当时有人喊叫着“暗示”:先知ﷺ战死了。
And people put down their swords and put down their armor and just started to cry not feeling like they had any reason to live anymore.
人们放下宝剑,摘下盔甲,开始哭泣,感觉不到再能有什么理由继续苟活。
And that's only with being with the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, for just a couple years.
而那时(人们)与与先知ﷺ在一起,也只不过共同生活了几年而已。
Think about it now. You're in this situation where you're sitting in the Masjid and there is all of this anxiety about whether or not the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, is going to come out.
现在再考虑一下。此刻你正坐在清真寺中,寺中却充满了不安的气味,都在焦虑先知ﷺ能否再(如往常一般)走出来?
And inside of yourself you feel like he's not really going to die, you know?
在你内心之中,你始终觉得,就像是他ﷺ永远不会离世一样,对吧?
It's inevitable.
(然而)这是不可避免的。
He's a human being, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, but he's not really going to die.
他ﷺ也只是普通人,但他ﷺ不会真的就这么死去。
He's going to make it out of this because he has healed so many people, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
他ﷺ会挺过来的,因为他ﷺ曾治愈过很多人。
How many people were about to die and the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, made dua'a for them, and they lived.
又有多少人将要死去,但先知ﷺ为他们做了祈祷,他们活了过来。
He's not gonna die yet, there's still so much more to go.
他ﷺ还不会死,因为还有很多事情要做。
The story still has so much to unfold in front of our eyes.
在我们眼前的这幅(人生)卷轴还有那么多没有被打开。
And how befitting is it that the last sight of the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, is a smile.
这时让人感觉舒适的一幕来了,我们见到了他ﷺ的最后一面,是他ﷺ的微笑。
He is in his room, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam. And Anas radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu describes the scene.
他ﷺ此刻正在自己的房间中。艾奈斯(愿主喜悦他)为我们描述了这一场景。
We're praying and you see the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, draw his curtain.
我们当时正在(帘子外)礼拜,先知ﷺ这时拉开了隔帘。
And he smiles #tabassuma dhahikan# He smiles and he laughs meaning you could see all of his teeth, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
他ﷺ微笑着,他ﷺ微笑着(看着我们礼拜),他ﷺ笑时,你ﷺ能看到他ﷺ露出的牙齿。
And his face was like the page of a mus‘haf, meaning his most beautiful smile was the last smile he gave to this ummah,
他ﷺ的脸像一页纸,然后他ﷺ最美丽的笑容是他ﷺ留给这个乌玛的最后一个微笑。
When he came into Medina, Abdullah ibn Salam embraced Islam because of his smile.
当初他ﷺ来到麦地那时,阿卜杜拉·本·萨拉姆(愿主喜悦他)就是因为他ﷺ的微笑而接受了伊斯兰教。
And he's leaving Medina and he's leaving this world with a smile, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
他ﷺ现在要离开麦地那了,还是带着一个微笑,即将离开这个世界。
And you're in Salah and you're looking at him and you're so excited because the way he's smiling that means he must be recovering. He's gonna come back out.
你正在礼拜中,你看到了他ﷺ,你很兴奋,因为你又看到他ﷺ一如既往的微笑,那样一定意味着他ﷺ在恢复之中。他ﷺ就要回(我们身边)来了。
And the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, says keep on praying as if to say, keep on going. I fulfilled my mission. I did what I was supposed to do. I conveyed the message, now you're in prayer. I'm good. I fulfilled my mission. Keep on going, not just keep on praying.
先知ﷺ说了句“继续礼拜吧”(又)好像在说:继续生活吧,我已完成了我的使命。我做了我应该做的事情。我传了讯息。现在你们礼拜吧。我也很好。我已完成了我的使命。继续吧,继续礼拜吧。
And he closes the curtain, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
然后,他ﷺ拉上了窗帘。
And at that point, you're in the Masjid and you just have a lot of anxiety. What's happening in his room, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam,
而此时,你就在清真寺中,你的心中却充满焦虑。(你在想)他ﷺ的房间里的情况到底怎么样了。
is that this time it's not Aisha radiAllahu Anha's head in his lap. This time it's his head in her lap.
难道这次吗?这次不是阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)的头放在他ﷺ的大腿上。这次是他ﷺ头放在了阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)的大腿上。
And Aisha radiAllahu ta'ala Anha is describing the severity of the fever of the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)描述着先知ﷺ那严重的发烧情况,
And he's saying #la ilaha illallah inna lil mauti sakarat#. Verily, the closing of death, the coming of death
他ﷺ正喃喃着:“万物非主,唯有真主,死亡的确是临近的,确实是降临的”
and the last moments of this world are difficult.
在这个世界上弥留的最后时刻是困难的。
Ibn Mas'ud radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu, he said that the fever of the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, was hotter than anything he had ever felt.
伊本·麦斯欧德(愿主喜悦他),他说先知ﷺ的发烧比他曾感受过的任何东西都要烫。
And while he's in her lap the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, sees her brother AbdurRahman and he has a Sewak.
当他ﷺ倚靠在她(愿主喜悦她)的腿上时,他ﷺ看见她的兄弟阿布杜·拉合曼,当时他带着一个刷牙棒。
And Aisha radiAllahu Anha knows that the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, is looking at it. So Aisha radiAllahu Anha says, do you want me to get that for you? And the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, he nods.
阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)意识到先知ﷺ在盯着它看。因此,她(愿主喜悦她)问说,您要我帮你拿吗?先知ﷺ点了点头。
So she gets the Sewak and she chews it, and she gives it to the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
于是她(愿主喜悦她)拿了刷牙棒,并把它嚼开,交给了先知,
And the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, brushes his teeth for the very last time. He used to use this Sewak, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, for every prayer, for every single Salah to prepare himself SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam for his conversation with his Lord.
先知ﷺ最后一次(用它)刷了牙。他ﷺ过去常(在礼拜前)使用这种刷牙棒,为每次礼拜做准备,然后与他ﷺ的主对话。
And he uses that Sewak, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, and he looks up and his face lights up as Jibreel Alayhi Salaam enters into the room.
他ﷺ用了那个刷牙棒,然后他ﷺ抬起头,脸上闪着光芒因为天使吉布利勒(愿主平安之)进入了房间。
And Jibreel Alayhi Salaam gives him that choice to either live with eternity in this world as long as this world exists or to be with the highest companion.
天使吉布利勒(愿主平安之)曾让他ﷺ选择:要么在这个世界上永生不死,直到世界毁灭;要么(离开这个世界而)陪在至高主的身侧
And he chooses, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, #ar-Rafiq al-A'la#, he chooses the highest companion.
然后他ﷺ选择了在至高主的身侧陪伴。
And he continues to look up and he continues to say, rather I choose #ar-Rafiq al-A'la#, the highest companion
他ﷺ还继续抬着头,说着,我更想在至高主身旁。
until Aisha radiAllahu ta'ala Anha says that the hand of the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, comes down
阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)说先知ﷺ的手垂了下来”
and his soul leaves his body, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
然后他ﷺ的灵魂离开了他ﷺ的身体
And she says that this beautiful scent filled the room immediately.
她(愿主喜悦她)说,有种芳香的气味立即弥漫了整个房间
You know, when the righteous soul is being taken away the angels come with a kafan, with a shroud of perfume.
你知道的,当义人的灵魂被带走时,天使带着遮蔽尸体的裹尸布,带着(遮蔽尸臭的)香水而来。
How would it be the angels and the shroud of the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, that scent?
天使和先知ﷺ裹的尸布,那会是怎样一种芳香呢?
And so the perfume of it filled the entire room and it was the most beautiful scent that they had ever smelled.
这种香味溢满了整个房间,是一种他们闻所未闻的最迷人的气味
And Aisha radiAllahu ta'ala Anha cries out.
阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)失声哭了出来。
At this point, as you're sitting in the Masjid, and you hear Aisha radiAllahu Anha shout, and you hear"#maata Rasulullah, maata Rasulullah, maata Rasulullah#" that the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam has died, that the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam has died, that the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam has died.
而此时,你正坐在清真寺中,然后你听到了阿依莎(愿主喜悦她)的哭喊声,然后你听到了“真主的使者ﷺ死了,真主的使者ﷺ死了,真主的使者ﷺ死了”
And you're sitting in the Masjid staring at that curtain wondering if he's gonna open it again or if this is all just a hoax, or if it's like Uhud where we thought he was dead but he wasn't really dead.
坐在清真寺里的你,盯着那个窗帘,想知道他ﷺ是否会再次拉开它或者这仅仅是个恶作剧,又或者像乌候德战役之中我们错以为他ﷺ死了但他ﷺ并没有死那样。
We've been through things like this. He's gonna come out now. This can't be real.
我们都经历过这样的事情的。他ﷺ(肯定)就要出来了。这不是真的。
And every single person is looking at that curtain and looking around.
每个人都在盯着那个窗帘,并四下里看着。
And some are coming to terms with it at different points and they're crying at different points.
有些人则在不同的时间段开始接受它,并在不同的泪点开始哭起来。
Some are still in disbelief.
有些人仍然难以相信。
You're looking around and you're seeing Ali radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu so eloquent, and Ali can't speak.
你环顾四周,你看到阿里(愿主喜悦他)——如此雄辩的他——此刻却哽住不言了。
You're seeing Uthman radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu and Uthman can't stand up.
你看到了奥斯曼(愿主喜悦他),(他)此刻无法站立了。
And Umar radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu saying, who said that the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, died? You're lying, you're lying! You're causing fitna, this is not true. Of course the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, is not dead. The Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, is going to come out. You're a hypocrite, don't cause fitna. He couldn't come to terms with it, radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu.
然后欧麦尔(愿主喜悦他)说,谁说的先知ﷺ死了?你在撒谎!你在引起内讧,那不是真的。先知ﷺ才没有死。先知ﷺ就要出来了。你这个伪君子,别搞麻烦。他(愿主喜悦他)现在还不能接受。
And those words, maata Rasulullah Allah, that the Prophet of Allah is dead, they stung every single person in the Masjid.
“真主的使者ﷺ死了“这些话,使得清真寺里的每一个人都僵住了。,
And then Abu Bakr radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu stands up.
然后阿布·白克尔(愿主喜悦他)站了起来。
And Abu Bakr radiAllahu ta'ala Anhu reminds the people, whoever used to worship Muhammad, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, then Muhammad, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam is indeed dead. And whoever used to worship Allah, #fa innAllaha hayyun la yamout#, Allah is alive and Allah is ever living.
阿布·白克尔(愿主喜悦他)提醒人们,谁曾崇拜穆罕默德ﷺ,穆罕默德ﷺ真的已然死去。谁曾经崇拜真主,的确,真主是永生的是不灭的。【布哈里圣训集1241】
The sentiment...
情绪...
If you could imagine every single person in a community losing the most beloved person in the world to them and what that would do to them.
如果你能想象得到,这个社群中的每个人都失去了一位于他们在这个世界上最受爱戴的人,以及对他们产生了什么影响。
If you imagine an entire community of people and everyone's child died at the same time, the most beloved person in the world to every single person in that Masjid just died.
如果你能想象得到,整个社群中的每个人,都同时失去了一个孩子(那种痛苦),清真寺中的他们在这个世界上最喜爱的人死了(那种痛苦)。
And they all have to come to terms with their individual pain.
(然而)他们都必须向前定妥协,承受着各自的痛苦。
And everyone has to now go to the house where they had the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, as a guest.
现在每个人都不得去到那所房子里——那里生活过他们的先知ﷺ,但是是以(吊唁的)客人的身份前往。
They have to pray in the Masjid with the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, no longer leading them.
他们在清真寺中礼拜时跟随先知ﷺ,而先知ﷺ却永远地不能再领了。
They have to celebrate without him.
他们必须在他ﷺ缺席的情况下庆祝那些节日。
Every single occasion is going to sting.
每一种具体的场景都能刺痛人心。
SubhanAllah, that pain of losing a child. There's actually a hadith where the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, says as he's talking about the reward for the parents that put forth a child and
some of the Sahabah say to the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, "Ya Rasulullah as you're talking about this reward, what about those who have never been tested with the loss of a child?"
赞主清净。那种痛失儿女的痛苦,其实在一则圣训中,先知ﷺ曾提及过。他ﷺ当时谈到关于父母们之于儿女们的抚养的回赐时,一些圣伴(愿主喜悦他们)曾问先知ﷺ,“真主的使者啊,鉴于您谈到的这种回赐,如果某人没有经受过痛失过一个儿女的考验的呢?”
And the Prophet, SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, said, then they have the reward of my loss because #lan yusaabu bhi nithli#, they won't be tested with anything harder than my death.
先知ﷺ,说,那么他们就拥有我丧失(子女)的报酬同样回报,因为他们不会再承受比失去我更痛苦的考验了。
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字幕由MUHSEN (www.muhsen.org)提供,由AbuAhmadg整理和校译。